This research serves to evaluate the potential use of a system developed by the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) for emission estimates. The data collection system developed by ODOT – Truck Road Use Electronics (TRUE) – includes a smart phone application with a Global Positioning...

This study reviews regulatory instruments designed to reduce environmental externalities from the transport sector. We find that the main regulatory instruments used in practice are fuel economy standards, vehicle emission standards and fuel quality standards. While industrialized countries have...