The process of the liberalisation of services of general economic interest (SGEI) in the EU adopted the universal … service (US) regulatory model. The objectives of the process were to strengthen free competition and improve social welfare … mechanisms between users. Based on the relevant literature, a theoretical debate arises around the contribution of universal …

struggling to extend coverage to rural areas. Universal Service would appear to be an emerging concept; the reason for this is … that Universal Service aims to support the telecom rural connectivity therefore increases the competition. The expanding … policies and mechanisms. Universal service policies tend to focus on projects selection criteria mechanisms and funding …

2022 by the Federal Network Agency. The specifications for the provision of the universal service are basically technology … connections can provide this universal service technically. If a company is obliged to provide the universal service in a certain … company's cost accounting for the respective year. However, only those costs which are unreasonable / unfair for the universal …