Czarnitzki, Dirk; Rammer, Christian; Toole, Andrew A. - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW) - 2013
typically treat these 'university' spinoffs like industry startups. However, when university spinoffs involve an employment … transition by a researcher out of the not-for-profit sector, the creation of a university spinoff is likely to impose a higher … social cost than the creation of an industry startup. To offset this higher social cost, university spinoffs must produce a …