Refereeing in sports is about fairness. The referee's job is to balance what the player with the ball thinks is fair with what the player trying to take the ball thinks is fair. Referees are judges on those two opposite opinions. Football (soccer) has massive global appeal and fan interest. Some...

Along with incentive schemes, another well-established way to align the interests of principals and agents and, consequently, to reduce and eliminate biases and errors is the practice of monitoring. Considering the monitoring of experts, we evaluate the introduction of the most recent monitoring...