Becker, Sascha O.; Cinnirella, Francesco; Woessmann, Ludger - 2011
Prussian county data from three censuses - 1816, 1849, and 1867 - to estimate the relationship between women's education and … negative residual effect of women's education on fertility. Instrumental-variable estimates, using exogenous variation in women …'s education driven by differences in landownership inequality, suggest that the effect of women's education on fertility is causal …