significantly reducing the downward bias from omitting zero trade flows than it reduces the upward bias from omitting the number of … heterogeneous exporting firms. Furthermore, we show that including zero-trade flows cannot solve the distance puzzle when using HMR …

significantly reducing the downward bias from omitting zero trade flows than it reduces the upward bias from omitting the number of … heterogeneous exporting firms. Furthermore, we show that including zero-trade flows cannot solve the distance puzzle when using HMR …

significantly reducing the downward bias from omitting zero trade flows than it reduces the upward bias from omitting the number of … heterogeneous exporting firms. Furthermore, we show that including zero-trade flows cannot solve the distance puzzle when using HMR … puzzle ; gravity estimation ; zero trade flows ; firm heterogeneity …

the) distance coefficient in a gravity estimation of bilateral exports does not fall over time. Including zero-trade flows …, and Rubinstein (2008), HMR henceforth, for cross-section data, including zero-trade flows will rather increase - and not …