Heckman, James J.; Kautz, Tim - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2012
This paper summarizes recent evidence on what achievement tests measure; how achievement tests relate to other measures … of "cognitive ability" like IQ and grades; the important skills that achievement tests miss or mismeasure, and how much … these skills matter in life. Achievement tests miss, or perhaps more accurately, do not adequately capture, soft skills …