This empirical study uses a unique recent data set provided by the French regulator "Autorité des Marchés Financiers" and gives some evidence concerning the impact of aggressive orders on the price formation process and the information content of these orders according to the different order...

Central to the ability of a high frequency trader to make money is speed. In order to be first to trading opportunities firms invest in the fastest hardware and the shortest connections between their machines and the markets. This, however, is not enough, algorithms must be short, no more than a...

This paper investigates the information content present in the quotes in an order driven market without the presence of designated market makers. A representation is proposed that recognises the ability of participants in such markets to observe market events and calibrate their quoting...

We demonstrate how a machine learning algorithm can be applied to predict and explain modern market microstructure phenomena. We investigate the efficacy of various microstructure measures and show that they continue to provide insights into price dynamics in current complex markets. Some...

Methods of path integrals are used to develop multi-factor probabilities of bid-ask variables for use in high-frequency trading (HFT). Adaptive Simulated Annealing (ASA) is used to fit the nonlinear forms so developed to a day of bitmex tick data. Maxima algebraic code is used to develop the...

We integrate a market microstructure model with an exchange competition model with entry in which exchanges supply technological services that enhance market participation, and have market power. We find that technological services can be strategic substitutes or complements in platform...

We study how high-frequency traders (HFTs) strategically decide their speed level in a market with a random speed bump. If HFTs recognize the market impact of their speed decision, they perceive a wider bid-ask spread as an endogenous upward-sloping cost of being faster. We find that the speed...

The make-take preferences of investors depend on high-frequency trading (HFT) competition, under which HFT firms endogenously acquire speed and informational advantages. In the case where there are many HFT firms in the market, they compete more through limit orders; meanwhile, in the case with...

I show that the growth of high-frequency trading, due to its heavy reliance on computer algorithms, can be associated with a reduction of human errors and financial anomalies in the market. Trades in which a non-high-frequency trader is the liquidity demander exhibit abnormally high buy (sell)...