This paper studies covariate adjusted estimation of the average treatment effect in stratified experiments. We work in a general framework that includes matched tuples designs, coarse stratification, and complete randomization as special cases. Regression adjustment with treatment‐covariate...

Bessel's correction adjusts the denominator in the sample variance formula from n to n − 1 to produce an unbiased estimator for the population variance. This paper includes rigorous derivations, geometric interpretations, and visualizations. It then introduces the concept of "bariance," an...

This paper takes a deep dive into mesh routing protocols, unraveling how they hold up under the pressures of varying node densities and the hustle and bustle of mobility. This paper included robust and advanced non-parametric statistical tests-think Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney-to figure out...

Thermodynamic laws are dominant and not deniable, we need to consider those in the context of system theory. From the system's perspective the entropy issue is decisive for the evaluation of future economic options and constraints. The paper sensitizes for entropic adequate firm acts in regard...

In study described in this article, we developed a memory type estimator for the population mean in stratified successive sampling. We used the past sample information together with the current sample information through hybrid exponentially weighted moving averages statistics. We have also used...