Self-assessment is commonly used in educational research (PISA, ICILS, etc.) and in real-life situations (advertisement for a post on labour market, etc.). Research studies demonstrate that in mathematics some people either over- or underestimate their competence. A similar situation can be...

This paper compares the use of parametric and non-parametric approaches to adjust for heterogeneity in self-reported data. Despite the growing popularity of the HOPIT model to account for reporting heterogeneity when dealing with self-reported categorical data, recent evidence has questioned the...