Purpose Authorities have set up numerous security checkpoints during times of armed conflict to control the flow of … commercial and humanitarian trucks into and out of areas of conflict. These security checkpoints have become highly utilized …. This paper aims to improve the process at security checkpoints by redesigning the current process to reduce processing time …

homogeneous neighborhoods. Within the walls and behind checkpoints, residents’ restriction of movement and vision resulted in an …

Russian trade. The authors conclude that the spatial variables and especially the location of the state border checkpoints …