Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has been rapidly evolving, necessitating that discussions on the need and design of regulatory frameworks be taken seriously. This paper reviews literature regarding AI regulations on a theoretical versus a practical level. It examines the different models...

In December 2020, Germany implemented a policy restricting online pharmacies from offering rebates on prescription drugs to members of the statutory health insurance. This policy change created a natural experiment, allowing us to analyze its impact on the pharmaceutical market using...

This study examines how the effectiveness of capital control regulations and political performance shape the likelihood of currency crises in high- and middle-income economies. Using panel data for 48 countries from 1996 to 2023 and estimating probit, logit, and IV-probit models, the analysis...

In India, the standardization and monitoring of on-site wastewater treatment systems (OWTSs) face significant challenges related to design, technology variation, and operational effectiveness. To address these issues, national technical bodies such as the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and the...

The rapid digital transformation of the financial sector has driven supervisory authorities to develop new tools for engaging with fintech innovation. Among these, Innovation Hubs have become essential mechanisms for improving regulatory dialogue, interpretive clarity, and institutional...