Worldwide, governments are increasingly concerned about the spread of online harms and big tech's apparent inability to effectively curb them. While some democracies have swiftly implemented regulatory reforms, others, including the United Kingdom, have encountered challenges in developing...

Understanding Members of the European Parliament's (MEPs) attitudes and perceptions towards AI is crucial for aligning technological development with European values. This research paper focuses on the attitudes and perspectives of MEPs within the Special Committee on Artificial Intelligence in...

While much attention has been given to 'de-politicisation', its reversal through 'repoliticisation' is also possible. We examine 'institutional re-politicisation' - increases in the formal powers and discretion of elected politicians' - in hard cases - policies for regulating Cross-Border...

This paper focuses on the technical note on regulation and supervision of less significant institutions in Belgium. The financial sector assessment program (FSAP) undertook a targeted review of Belgium's Less Significant Institutions (LSI) and third-country branches (TCBs) banking regulation and...

The Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) conducted a focused review of insurance regulation and supervision in Belgium. This technical note (TN) provides an update on the insurance sector and highlights risks and vulnerabilities. It analyzes key aspects of regulatory and supervisory...

The impact of fintech in Trinidad and Tobago is currently concentrated in the payments sector. In meeting with firms utilizing fintech, trade bodies, and public authorities, we found that the impact of fintech is not yet broad based and is permeating primarily in relation to e-money and payment...

This technical note analyses the key aspects of the regulatory and supervisory regime for pension funds in Iceland. Pension funds in Iceland play a vital role in the domestic financial sector, acting as investors and lenders. This Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) reviews recent...

The impact of fintech is growing rapidly worldwide, although this growth is uneven across jurisdictions. Depending on the effect of fintech, authorities may adopt a passive approach of monitoring fintech, try and capture new business models in existing regulatory frameworks, develop bespoke...

This technical note highlights Regulation and Supervision of Less Significant Institutions for the Finland Financial Sector Assessment Program. Finnish banks' financial indicators remained strong despite the pandemic. The authorities made good progress on the implementation of the...

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of digital health (DH) interventions in the Asia Pacific. This is evidenced in the 2022 Global Digital Health Monitor, with 58% of ESCAP members scoring 4 or higher, countries like Australia, Malaysia, PR China, and Thailand lead in DH...