I study the passthrough of regulated ad valorem pharmacy markups and reduced Value Added Tax (VAT) rates to pharmaceutical retail prices in Finland. My reduced form evidence shows that pharmaceutical manufacturers respond to a decrease in regulated pharmacy markups by increasing their wholesale...

Bedrohen große Vermögensverwalter wie BlackRock den Wettbewerb? Der Autor zeigt, dass es einer wettbewerblichen Schadenstheorie unter Berücksichtigung der rechtlichen und tatsächlichen Rahmenbedingungen an Plausibilität fehlt. In der Theorie lassen sich weder ausreichende...

Unlike previous studies examining how monopoly regulation policies affect enterprise behavior, this study uses the implementation of China's Fair Competition Review System as a quasi-natural experiment. This study uses data from non-financial listed enterprises and employs a...

The growing compensation disparity between CEOs and employees has become a global concern, underscoring the need for regulatory measures to ensure fair and equitable remuneration practices. Drawing insights from China's government regulation of CEO compensation (GRCC) for state-owned enterprises...

Since the sovereign debt crisis, the European Union has focused on regulating young people’s transitions to work. Today, an EU governance infrastructure for work transitions is centred on the reinforced European Youth Guarantee. Sociologists view youth as a transition marked by milestones of...

This study uses a novel dataset from 54 countries and regions to explore how exposure to climate change regulatory shocks influences firms' debt costs. The findings reveal that such exposure generally increases the cost of debt. However, this scenario is reversed for firms that find greater...