<p>The  robust version of the classical  instrumental variables, called Instrumental Weighted Variables (IWV) and the conditions for its consistency and $\sqrt{n}$-consistency  are recalled. The reasons  why the classical instrumental variables as well as  IWV were introduced and the idea of...</p>

A robust version of the method of Instrumental Variables accommodating the idea of an implicit weighting the residuals is proposed and its properties studied. (The idea of implicit weighting down the “suspicious” residuals was firstly employed by the method of the Least Weighted Squares, see...