This paper proposes a method to evaluate health losses or gains by looking at the impact on well-being of a change in health status. The paper presents estimates of the equivalent income change that would be necessary to change general satisfaction with life to the same extent as a change in...

This paper examines the potential net benefit of demand-side management for climate-friendly electricity production systems: how will alternative load profiles impact total system cost of electricity generation? To answer this question, we have constructed an electricity system for Europe where...

The “voltage effect” is defined as the tendency for a program’s efficacy to change when it is scaled up, which in most cases results in the absolute size of a program’s treatment effects to diminish when the program is scaled. Understanding the scaling problem and taking steps to...

The EU is revising its emissions trading system (ETS) and plans to impose a carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) on imports. We evaluate the efficacy of the ETS retrospectively and its anti-competitive effects. We find that the ETS contributed to cut greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the...

This research is focused on the utilization of artificially intelligent (AI), customer service chatbots in travel, tourism and hospitality. Rigorous criteria were used to search, screen, extract and synthesize articles on conversational, automated systems. The results shed light on the...