We study and calibrate a cohort-based model which captures the characteristics of a mortality surface with a parsimonious, continuous-time factor approach. The model allows for imperfect correlation of the mortality intensity across generations. It is implemented on UK data for the period...

China is a major developing country where farmers account for over 57% of the population. Thus, promoting a rural economy is crucial if the Chinese government is to improve the quality of life of the nation as a whole. To frame scientific and effective rural policy or economic plans, it is...

In this paper, we propose a new differential evolution (DE) algorithm for joint replenishment of inventory using both direct grouping and indirect grouping which allows for the interdependence of minor ordering costs. Since solutions to the joint replenishment problem (JRP) can be represented by...