State space models with nonstationary processes and fixed regression effects require a state vector with diffuse … diffuse initial conditions. In this paper we consider profile, diffuse and marginal likelihood functions. The marginal … diffuse likelihood is a marginal likelihood for a specific data transformation that may depend on parameters. Therefore, the …

> State space models with nonstationary processes and fixed regression effects require a state vector with diffuse initial … conditions. Different likelihood functions can be adopted for the estimation of parameters in time series models with diffuse … initial conditions. In this paper we consider profile, diffuse and marginal likelihood functions. The marginal likelihood is …

, eight widely used standard models predicting diffuse irradiation values are tested. A statistical analysis of hourly, daily … and monthly correlations is carried out, using a 5yr data archive (1999–2003) of hourly global and diffuse solar … deviation, standard error and F-test, were also introduced. The results indicate that the correlations relating the diffuse …

Diffuse nutrient loads are a common problem in developed and agricultural watersheds. While there has been substantial … investment in best management practices (BMPs) to reduce diffuse pollution, there remains a need to better prioritize controls at …. We implemented spatial optimization techniques among four diffuse source pathways in a mixed-use watershed in Northern …

Diffuse solar radiation data are very required for many solar energy applications. The main objective of the present … study is to establish new empirical models for predicting the monthly mean diffuse solar radiation on a horizontal surface … nominated and categorized as: (1) diffuse fraction is function of relative sunshine duration; (2) diffuse fraction is function …

in national governments. Based on cue theory and using concepts of diffuse and specific support, we find that support for …

Using the data for global and diffuse radiation in Tainan, Taiwan, for the years of 2011 and 2012, respectively, four … index and a measure of persistence of global radiation level, are constructed to relate the hourly diffuse fraction on a … perform well in predicting the diffuse fraction, while the performances of the proposed logistic models are more case …

Hourly and daily measurements of total and diffuse solar radiation and sunshine duration are analyzed. Three … diffuse solar radiation are analyzed. The results show that the annual mean of the daily total and diffuse solar radiation is …. Several empirical equations for estimating monthly mean daily global and diffuse solar radiation have been developed and …