This paper empirically investigates the short- and long-term impact of public expenditure on economic growth. We use annual data from 28 European Union (EU) countries for the 1995-2022 period and estimate a growth model augmented for public expenditure employing the Autoregressive Distributed...

We analyze the impact of negative reference rates on the interest rate behavior of more than 500 Austrian banks from 2009Q1 to 2021Q4. Using panel vector error correction analysis with the Engle-Granger procedure in two steps, we establish a cointegration vector that links bank-specific lending...

Due to the global threat of climate change, investigating the interplay between environmental factors and environmental quality is crucial for effective policy implementation to achieve environmental sustainability. This study examines the influence of economic growth, energy utilization,...

This study examines the dynamic relationship between Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), renewable energy consumption, trade openness, and open innovation in the United States using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) methodology. The analysis covers annual data...

Macroeconomic research often relies on structural vector autoregressions, (S)VARs, to uncover empirical regularities. Critics argue the method goes awry due to lag truncation: short lag-lengths imply a poor approximation to important data-generating processes (e.g. DSGE-models). Empirically,...