nuptial gifts are in the form of nutritional elements in the ejaculate and ejaculate size is correlated with male body size … size of his ejaculate, the amount of ejaculate that was successfully transferred to females, and the overall effect of … these variables on female fecundity. Larger males produced larger ejaculates and consequently transferred a larger ejaculate …

copulations but instead experienced increased lifetime fecundity. Ejaculate size increased with copulation duration, and females …

competition expect males under high risk of sperm competition to increase ejaculate size. Here we confirm this prediction … males tailor ejaculate size relative to the risk of sperm competition perceived by the size of a potential competitor …

the golden egg bug (copulations up to 50 h) and the effect of an increased risk of sperm competition on ejaculate … ejaculate expenditure in response to an increased risk of sperm competition. Results show a combined response by males that has …. No relationship was found between male or female size and copulation duration or ejaculate size. Golden egg bug males …

were to (1) relate ejaculate expenditure by "guarding" and "sneak" males to their probability of mating with other males … present (sperm-competition risk), and (2) determine if males adjust their ejaculate expenditure according to the number of … spermatogenesis. Comparison of testes size and ejaculate size showed no difference between tactics. Models of sperm …

Ejaculate quality may limit male reproductive success, and consequently, sperm quality is of importance. Spermatozoa …, resulted in a significant improvement of ejaculate quality, that is, an increase in ejaculate volume, sperm concentration … parasitic resistance and immunity as factors that cause variations in ejaculate quality. Copyright 2003. …