This paper considers an extension to Ang et al.’s (2006) non-linear downside beta framework. The extreme downside risk extension counts the extreme negative stock returns conditional on the market return being extremely negative. The extension is used in double-sorted portfolios, where I...

In modern frameworks for financial regulation such as Basel III, IV as well as Solvency II, financial institutions are regulated to maintain a certain level of capital to prepare for potential future losses. In this paper, we take the perspective of a regulator who designs regulatory capital...

Risk can be defined as the likelihood that you can deliver your promise. This paper has used the European put option and the European call option to construct the p-index and c-index to measure the risk levels (likelihoods) of owning or short-selling an asset when the asset provides at least δ...

We propose a novel specification strategy using a SVAR identified with zero and sign-restrictions to uncover real-time financial shocks in Chilean markets. We build on the literature that employs economically intuitive sign restrictions on the comovement of stocks and bonds to distinguish...