The tremendous rise of artificial intelligence and the use of ChatGPT enables the unprecedented rapid spread of various messages. The fundamental problem at present is the spread of false, unverified news and information known as fake news. This great challenge of the modern world causes...

A detailed assessment of Israel’s compliance with the Basel Core Principles for effective banking supervision is presented. The Bachar reform that has been started in mid-2005 forced banks to divest most noncommercial banking activities, such as mutual funds, insurance, pension, and...

This report is a detailed assessment of Brazil’s compliance with the Basel Core Principles. Brazil has a well-defined banking supervision process that grants the Banco Central do Brasil (BCB) broad enforcement powers to carry out corrective actions. The licensing process has been...

This paper assesses compliance of the Basel Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision in Spain. Significant changes have occurred in Spain since the last Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP). The most serious has been the deterioration of the economy and the real estate sector. The...

This paper assesses implementation of the International Organization of Securities Commissions' (IOSCO) objectives and principles of securities regulation in Spain. Spain exhibits a high level of implementation of principles. The legal framework is robust and provides the Comisión Nacional de...

This assessment reviews the regulatory framework in place for the oversight of the capital markets of the Russian Federation as of June 2011. The Russian securities markets, in particular, have been volatile, reflecting the inflow and outflow of money and the crisis. Foreign investment banks...

A detailed assessment report on the observance of China’s compliance of Basel Core Principles for effective banking supervision is presented. Regulation and supervision of China’s banking system has made impressive progress in the past few years, led by an activist, forward-looking...

Insurance regulation and supervision is of a high standard, and most of the enhancements suggested have been put in place. Further enhancements will be required, in the context of the forthcoming introduction of Solvency II requirements, in such areas as the frequency of onsite inspections, the...