This publication contains the proceedings of a VATT seminar held in November 1999 in Helsinki. The purpose of the seminar was to assess greenhouse gas policy questions and related socio-economic research implications for Finland. Contributions come from both policy makers and economic...

At the beginning of 2005 the European Emissions Trading Scheme came into force for the 25 European Union members. The main objective of the scheme is to reduce the costs of abating greenhouse gas emissions as indicated in the Kyoto Protocol for the industrialized economies. The European Union is...

Since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol in December 1997, several studies have estimated the costs of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by the amount specified in the Protocol, as well as the price of the permits. A number of authors have recently shown that, following the US withdrawal and the...