Most of the large firms organization schemes consist in hierarchical structures of tiers with different wage levels. Traditionally the existence of this kind of organizations has been associated to the separation of productive and managerial or supervision tasks and differences in the skills of...

The formal hierarchical structures of organizations can be expected to affect the organizations' behavior in many different ways. One kind of impact is that their structures may affect how their knowledge is organized. This is important because the different ways in which knowledge can be...

We show that dissipative solitons (dissipatons) of the second and the third members of SL(2,R) AKNS hierarchy give rise to the real solitons of KP-II, while for SL(2,R) Kaup-Newell hierarchy they give solitons of MKP-II. By the Hirota bilinear form for both flows, we find new bilinear system for...

In this paper we analyze the market reaction to directors’ trades in India and investigate whether the reaction is affected by the nature of trade (purchase or sale), by the type of director making the trade (chief executive officer, managing director, promoters, other executive directors,...

Most of the large firms organization schemes consist in hierarchical structures of tiers with different wage levels. Traditionally the existence of this kind of organizations has been associated to the separation of productive and managerial or supervision tasks and to differences in the skills...

We study how banks should protect their credit departments against the external influence from potential borrowers. We analyze four mechanisms that are widespread in practice: a credit board with unanimity or simple majority, a hierarchy and an advisory system. A bank faces a trade-off between...