Suppose that a target function f0 : Rd - R is monotonic, namely weakly increasing, and an original estimate f of this target function is available, which is not weakly increasing. Many common estimation methods used in statistics produce such estimates f. We show that these estimates can always...

There is an emerging consensus in empirical finance that realized volatility series typically display long range dependence with a memory parameter (d) around 0.4 (Andersen et. al. (2001), Martens et al. (2004)). The present paper provides some analytical explanations for this evidence and shows...