The identification of a VAR requires differentiating between correlation and causation. This paper presents a method to deal with this problem. Graphical models, which provide a rigorous language to analyze the statistical and logical properties of causal relations, associate a particular set of...

We investigate the international information transmission between the U.S. and the rest of the G-7 countries using daily stock market return data covering the last 20 years. A pre-1995 and post- 1995 analysis reveals that the linkages between the markets have changed substantially in the more...