Policies for rural areas have become an important but complex policy field in the European Union`s Common Agricultural Policy. In this paper we present a programming approach to analyse the EAFRD budget allocation in Saxony-Anhalt. The approach has been interactively developed with...

Within this paper, we present an interactive modelling approach to support budgeting decisions at the program level and discuss its potential and limitations to contribute to more objective-oriented policy-making. The central feature of the approach is a linear optimisation model which is...

In this paper we analyse the impact of the EU multi-level cofinancing system on regional policy-making and priority setting taking the case of the agri-environmental programme of Saxony-Anhalt. The implications of several co-financing scenarios are analysed and compared to respective lump-sum...

In this paper we analyze the impact of the EU multi-level co-financing system on regional policy-making and priority setting taking the case of the agri-environmental program of Saxony-Anhalt in Germany. The implications of several co-financing scenarios are analyzed and compared to respective...

Financing agri-environmental programmes in the European Union (EU) takes place in a multi-level system with mixed co-financing and shared financial responsibilities. In this paper we analyse how co-financing influences policy-making in regions taking the case of the agri-environmental programme...

Purpose – While building robots with anything akin to human cognition and intelligence remains a far off vision, making them more autonomous and responsive will allow them to be used in a greater variety of sophisticated tasks in the manufacturing and service sectors. With this aim, various...

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML‐based vector graphics standard developed by the World Wide Web Consortium. The National Archives of Singapore recently launched an online virtual exhibition, Colours in the Wind , which was developed using Macromedia Flash, the most widely used format...