The risk-based capital (RBC) ratio, an insurance company's financial soundness system, evaluates the capital adequacy needed to withstand unexpected losses. Therefore, continuous institutional improvement has been made to monitor the financial solvency of companies and protect consumers' rights,...

This article establishes the Poisson optional stopping times (POST) method by [22] as a near-universal method for solving liquidity-constrained American options, or, equivalently, penalised optimal-stopping problems. In this setup, the decision maker is permitted to "stop", i.e. exercise the...

Outbound logistics is a crucial field of logistics management. This study considers a planning distribution for the poultry industry in Thailand. The goal of the study is to minimize the transportation cost for the multi-depot vehicle-routing problem (MDVRP). A novel enhanced differential...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to predict the daily accuracy improvement for the Jakarta Islamic Index (JKII) prices using deep learning (DL) with small and big data of symmetric volatility information. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses the nonlinear autoregressive exogenous...

Biases are commonly considered one of the most detrimental effects of artificial intelligence (AI) use. The EU is therefore committed to reducing their incidence as much as possible. However, the existence of biases pre-dates the creation of AI tools. All human societies are biased - AI only...