The optimization of cargo loading and transportation are two highly considered optimization problems (namely "3L-CVRP"). The combination of both has attracted increasing interest in the past decades. Hereby, 2D or 3D items have to be transported from one depot to a given set of customers using a...

The distribution of passenger vehicles is a complex task and a high cost factor for automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). On the way from the production plant to the customer, vehicles travel long distances on different carriers such as ships, trains, and trucks. To save costs,...

Online 2D irregular bin packing problem (2D-OIBPP) with uncertain demands is a critical challenge in the manufacturing and assembly industry, where a robot is required to place incoming objects within a limited time to maximize overall packing density. The high demands on real-time and...

Packing problems are a type of fundamental global optimization problem with many real-world applications. In this paper, we propose a new variant of three-dimensional (3D) packing problem, called the Single Cylindrical Packing Problem with Cylindrical Items (SCPP-CI), which involves packing as...

In distribution systems such as airlines and express package delivery, the use of hub-and-spoke networks is common, and flow consolidation at hub facilities is essential for cost reduction. While a constant discount factor is typically used to model cost reduction in interhub links, this paper...