The 2005 International Comparison Program's (ICP) estimates of economy-wide purchasing power parity (PPP) are based on parity estimates for 155 basic expenditure headings, mainly estimated using country product dummy (CPD) regressions. The estimates are potentially inefficient and open to...

Human labor input is considered as one of the most important inputs in the economy, especially in the agricultural sector, that contributes in increasing production and employment, so the cycle of economic development must be pushed to achieve the most economic efficiency from the agricultural...

A procedure is given for reducing nonlinear ordinary differential equations containing exponential and logarithms to systems of polynomial ordinary differential equations. Examples that Maple V release 4 cannot solve, but can solve after the transformations are given.