The authors analyze the Russian monetary policy in 2004-2012. They present a model that describes short run nonlinear monetary dynamics inducing the balance of payments and policy shocks. Central Bank's international reserves are considered as the key factor of monetary and exchange rate...

This paper discusses the challenging question of whether central banks should use treasury bills or central bank bills for draining excess liquidity in the banking system. While recognizing that there are practical reasons for using central bank bills, the paper argues that treasury bills are...

For many experts the true motivation behind the introduction of a single currency in Europe is political rather than economic. This view is based on the fact that the euro area does not constitute an optimal currency area and, therefore, the costs of monetary integration are likely to outweigh...

This paper develops a small open economy dynamic stochastic general-equilibrium model with macrofinancial linkages. The model includes a financial accelerator--entrepreneurs are assumed to partially finance investment using domestic and foreign currency debt--to assess the importance of...

This paper discusses key findings of the IMF staff report for Costa Rica for the Second Review Under the Stand-By Arrangement (SBA). Performance under the SBA has remained strong. All quantitative performance criteria for end-September were met, most with considerable margins. The authorities...

The 2010 staff report for the Third and Final Review Under the Stand-By Arrangement (SBA) reviews the economic performance of Costa Rica. The structural benchmarks related to the deposit insurance and bank resolution framework were delayed owing to a longer-than-expected consultation process....

This paper analyzes monetary policy implication in an endogenous growth model in which the average growth rate is inefficiently low and in which the capital accumulation technology is concave. This paper does two exercises. First, we derive the utility-based welfare criterion of the model. The...

This paper was presented at the VI STOREP Conference, held at the University of Florence, Italy, 3rd and 4th June 2009.

Costa Rica’s economy has been hit hard by the global crisis, but active policies have helped preserve stability and mitigate the negative impact on growth. This 2009 Article IV Consultation highlights that despite the worsening of economic activity, the banking sector has remained sound....