Shade-grown coffee provides a livelihood to many farmers, protects biodiversity, and creates environmental services. Many shade-coffee farmers have abandoned production in recent years, however, in response to declines in international coffee prices. This paper builds a farmer decision model...

In this paper, the computational fluid dynamics technique (CFD) was used for air flow simulation in the solar chimney. The flow is assumed laminar, unsteady and incompressible. The air flow model consisted of a system of governing equations continuity, momentum, energy are solved for 2D...

Thermoelectric devices (TEs) can achieve direct conversion of heat and electricity by semiconductor materials, coupling of heat transfer and electric conduction is important to accurately predict the performance of TEs. This paper develops a general, three-dimensional numerical model of TEs with...

Water supply reliability in Southern California is facing serious problems because of reduction in the availability of water from the State Water Project and Colorado River, drought, and growing concerns about environmental restoration. Groundwater sources supply more than fifty-five percent of...

A geodatabase of tidal constituents is developed to present the regional assessment of tidal stream power resource in the USA. Tidal currents are numerically modeled with the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) and calibrated with the available measurements of tidal current speeds and water...

Carbon dioxide capture from energy systems will likely become a necessity as the European Union regulations are becoming increasingly more stringent. The greatest disadvantage of the existing methods of CO2 separation is the high energy intensity. In the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle...

In the present work an investigation of the potential use of waste derived fuel gas in molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) systems is performed. A simple numerical model of a MCFC is developed following a “system-level” approach that allows to investigate the impact of MCFC performance with...

Because of economic growth and a strong increase in global energy demand the demand for fossil fuels and therefore also greenhouse gas emissions are increasing, although climate policy should lead to the opposite effect. The coal market is of special relevance as coal is available in many...

A multiphase transient model is developed to investigate key physical and transport phenomena during the startup of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) from subzero temperatures. The proposed PEFC cold start model rigorously considers ice/frost formation and evolution in the cathode...