properties, a general procedure based on many pairwise differences and their ratios is designed. The proposed two-step GMM …

robustness properties, a general procedure based on higher-order pairwise differences and their ratios is designed. The … contamination by independent additive outliers and by the patches of additive outliers, and are used to select the pairwise … differences that do not compromise the robustness properties of the procedure. The proposed estimator is additionally compared …