The study aims to determine the effect of electrification on rural poverty and households' non-food spending (NFS). Using a cross-province dataset of western Indonesia from 2007 through 2017, an econometric model was used to analyze the causal relationship between the variables. The econometric...

Analyzing 118 countries between 1960 and 2016, we find that higher temperatures correlate with higher urbanization rates in the long run, where this relationship is much more pronounced than any short-term linkage. The long-run relationship between global warming and urbanization is also...

The study aims to determine the effect of electrification on rural poverty and households’ non-food spending (NFS). Using a cross-province dataset of western Indonesia from 2007 through 2017, an econometric model was used to analyze the causal relationship between the variables. The...