Purpose Three decades ago, the National Audit Office (NAO) in the UK acquired the powers to evaluate the extent that the British Administration was managed with economy, efficiency and effectiveness. The NAO has since adopted a dual mission: to help Parliament hold government to account and to...

The government has given legislative backing to a system of cost audit, using a basic cost accounting format and recording rules. It has been applied so far to a range of industrial products in the essential consumer category, as a way of improving industrial performance. This experience, over...

For many managers the process of conducting a performance appraisal is an uncomfortable experience, one which is often put off to the last minute and then rushed through, simply to get it over with. As a result, not much is gained by the process and very often the employee leaves feeling...