This discussion paper starts with a brief summary of several important existing Bank-supported environment-related interventions. It is followed by a review of pending issues associated with some of these initiatives, specifically those associated with possible new Bank-financed infrastructure...

The paper introduces Digital Frequency Analysis (DFA) based on Benford's Law as a new technique for detecting non-compliance in self-reported pollution emissions data. Public accounting firms are currently adopting DFA to detect fraud in financial data. We argue that DFA can be employed by...

A fibre-optic sensor for the monitoring of hazardous exhaust gases is described. The sensor based on ultraviolet (UV) differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) was developed for the simultaneous monitoring of several exhaust gases from passenger cars. Experimental results describing...