This paper analyses the unemployment gender gap by using a three-state labour market model (Employment, Unemployment, Inactivity) which enables us to determine the equilibrium (steady-state) unemployment rate and the contribution that a single transition probability from each state makes to the...

The application of the hidden Markov models (HMMs) is attempted for revealing key features for the earthquake generation which are not accessible to direct observation. Considering that the states of the HMM correspond to levels of the stress field, our objective is to identify these states. The...

During the last fifteen years the competitive conditions under which Spanish banking firms operate have become much tighter. Deregulation has affected both banks and savings banks, allowing them to expand geographically and to choose a less regulation-conditioned output mix.This paper analyzes...

Using macro-level trade data, we investigate how different types of sunk costs influence decisions of exporters. We find that exporters’ decisions reflect sensibly their desire to minimize the relationship-specific sunk costs. Specifically, exporters of differentiated products are more likely...

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of intra-industry trade (IIT) and its relationship to economic development in eighteen Asian and Latin American less developed countries. The general conclusion of the paper is that IIT in less developed countries is significant and stable but smaller...

The Markov chains model is frequently used to describe consumers’ behavior in relation to their loyalty towards a brand, a manufacturer, a product, o a chain of stores, etc. Most frequently, this model is applied in marketing for dynamic forecasts of the market quota against a background of...