In the first three months of 2022, federal budget revenues increased by 4.2 p.p. of GDP compared to the same period of the previous year due to oil and gas revenues, reaching 31.2% of the projected annual volume. A moderate increase in federal budget expenditures by 1.5 p.p. of GDP in the first...

Every couple of years, the debt limit shows up to wreak havoc in American law and public finance. By capping the face value of government securities that can be “outstanding at one time,” the statutory limit threatens Treasury’s ability to raise the revenue needed to fund required...

A bill to amend the US EPA Water Infrastructure and Finance Act (WIFIA) loan Program is expected to be introduced in Congress soon. This short bill contains various amendments and directives that will improve the WIFIA Program. One amendment stands out. It involves the federal budgetary...

EU fiscal rules are meant to keep public finances on a sustainable path. This paper presents a new database that tracks numerical compliance with the four main rules of the Stability and Growth Pact starting in 1998. Our assessment of numerical compliance abstracts from the many exceptions and...

Two bills to amend the US EPA Water Infrastructure and Finance Act (WIFIA) loan Program are expected to be in Congress soon. These short bills contain various amendments and directives that will improve the WIFIA Program. One amendment in both stands out. It involves the federal budgetary...