reference groups surrounding individual women. Using recent data on individual women between 20 and 49 years in 22 European … employment are associated with higher female employment chances. We also find that women embedded in different reference groups …

about which reference groups people choose for comparative evaluation of personal income and why different selection … important reference groups for income comparisons? (2) Who tends to use which type of reference group? (3) Which reference …-cut picture emerges for the differential selection of reference groups. Structural characteristics - e.g., level of income …

additional poverty measures. One line of thought is that the reference groups people use for evaluating their living standard are … between privately-oriented reference groups and publicly-oriented reference groups. Only the latter offer a norm to define the … groups. Nevertheless, the discussion has largely focused on privately-oriented reference groups. We conclude that EU …

, I referred to the social classes, the reference groups, the area of residence, taking into consideration reality that …

about which reference groups people choose for comparative evaluation of personal income and why different selection … important reference groups for income comparisons? (2) Who tends to use which type of reference group? (3) Which reference …-cut picture emerges for the differential selection of reference groups. Structural characteristics - e.g., level of income …

arguably contains more information about the individual's own future prospects than do the incomes of other reference groups …. Last, there is some evidence that reference groups are endogenous, with individuals tending to compare to those with whom …

arguably contains more information about the individual s own future prospects than do the incomes of other reference groups …. Last, there is some evidence that reference groups are endogenous, with individuals tending to compare to those with whom …

arguably contains more information about the individual's own future prospects than do the incomes of other reference groups …. Last, there is some evidence that reference groups are endogenous, with individuals tending to compare to those with whom …