We examine the two approaches used by equity index funds to track their benchmark index. The first, full replication, mimics the index with exactness. The second, representative sampling, holds a subset of the index. We find that samplers trade 3-4 times more, have 30-50% higher expenses and...

The crowdfunding market has developed fast in recent years. However, the problem of information asymmetry in the market is still an issue for both backers and fundraisers. Hence, crowdfunding platforms design various mechanisms to reveal more project information to backers. This paper studies...

This article presents the kinetics and pyrolysis characteristics of two different biomasses, the Japanese Larch and Bangladeshi Ipil Ipil wood samples. The reason behind this study is that both these biomasses are potential candidates for pyrolysis and biofuel production and are widely available...

The Olonite Sampling Technique is a sampling method that is used for small and large population. It was developed as a solution to the short comings of the Taro Yamane Sampling Technique. OST ranges from '1 – 1,280,000,000 (one - one billion two hundred and eighty million) population' and 1 -...

The intensive use of acetochlor in China leads to its extensive existence in soil which may show contamination on the crop and commodities. Therefore, it is vital to assess the bioavailability and phytotoxicity of acetochlor to crops. In this study, four measurements involved in in situ pore...

The aim was to determine the concurrent validity and the reliability of the NOTCH ® inertial sensors (IMUs) to measure elbow joint angle during tennis forehand at different sampling frequencies (100Hz, 250Hz and 500Hz), by comparing data with Optical-Motion-Capture-System (OS) in a sample of...

The flow velocity of exhaust gas from an industrial stack varies from facility to facility and can easily change over time, even in a stack. To accurately measure the concentration of fine particles such as PM 10 or PM 2.5 emitted in such environments, the conditions for isokinetic sampling must...

In the current study, wind turbine blades(WTBs) defect detection is based on a large amount of data, which caused enormous human and material resources. To address this issue, we proposed a novel acoustic detection method based on small sample. To verify the performance of the proposed method,...

The behavior of three graphene-based screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) was explored for the electroanalytical application in estradiol (E2) measurement in water samples. Characterization of the sensor was carried out using cyclic voltammetry and scanning electron microscopy. The optimal applied...

Information on water table depth (WTD) in polder areas and wetlands is important in, for example, estimating emissions of greenhouse gases, assessing the agricultural and ecological potential, and flood risk management. The seasonal variation of WTDs is summarized with averages of the yearly...