Modeling, Analysis, and Optimization for Mathematical Finance, Economics, and Risks is a critical domain that integrates mathematical theory with practical applications to address the complexities of modern financial and economic systems. This special issue focuses on recent studies that are...

Purpose - The purpose of this article is to show the gains that can be made if researchers were to use gain-probability (G-P) diagrams. Design/methodology/approach - The authors present relevant mathematical equations, invented examples and real data examples. Findings - G-P diagrams provide a...