This paper analyses the links between the integration into the international economy and development in Latin America over the past quarter century. It argues that external liberalization led to faster export growth but not to faster GDP or productivity growth. Growth also became more volatile,...

This paper analyses the links between the integration into the international economy and development in Latin America over the past quarter century. It argues that external liberalization led to faster export growth but not to faster GDP or productivity g

This paper focuses on productivity growth differentials between manufacturing and services, deindustrialization, and changes in the real exchange rate. Using a Ricardian trade model with a continuum of goods that introduces nontraded services, the paper investigates these interrelationships. The...

The statistical analysis of Baltic trade flows and gravity estimates reveal that Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania have rapidly integrated into the international division of labour with a distinct EU focus. The three Baltic States have taken a road towards the EU common market which pays particular...

Due to underlying technological and organizational differences, industries differ <p> in their need for external finance. Since services provided by the financial sector <p> are largely immobile across countries, the pattern of industrial specialization <p> should be influenced by the degree of financial...</p></p></p>