In this paper a new state model is introduced, an adaptative state model in a binary temporal representation (ASMBRT) as well as its application in constructing an algorithmic trading system. The presented model uses the binary temporal representation, which allows for a precise analysis of...

The performance of a fuel cell can be expressed by the voltage–load current (V–I) characteristics. In this study, two mathematical modelling for computing the steady-state and dynamic voltage–current (V–I) characteristics of PEM fuel cell stacks have been developed. For determining the...