proposed inverse model. The predicted state-of-charge of the direct model is combined with four virtual functions to form the …, mileage, voltage, velocity, and state-of-charge. The proposed inverse model is superior to the feedforward deep neural network …-making easier when used for the design simulation than the single-output deep neural networks, which predict the state-of-charge of …

This study describes an online estimation of the model parameters and state of charge (SOC) of lithium iron phosphate …

Estimation of state of charge (SOC) is of great importance for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries used in electric vehicles …. This paper presents a state of charge estimation method using nonlinear predictive filter (NPF) and evaluates the proposed …

Four model-based State of Charge (SOC) estimation methods for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are studied and evaluated …

This paper presents a novel impedance-based approach to efficiently estimate the state of charge (SOC) of a Li …

State of charge (SOC) estimation is essential to battery management systems in electric vehicles (EVs) to ensure the …

A second-order discrete-time sliding mode observer (DSMO)-based method is proposed to estimate the state of charge (SOC …

balancing algorithm is based on the state of charge (SOC) of each individual cell instead of cell voltage. The principle of the …