Differences between chain and base methods (or strategies) are analyzed. This is a preliminary paper that concentrates on numerical results and new ideas. Omitted proofs will appear in later papers. As in title, we use the term circular or chain error. We do not use milder terms as drift or...

"“Studying the Balance of the National Economy: An Introduction.” (1926), by Pavel Illich Popov,"is a translation from the Russian of “Vvedenie k izucheniiu balansa narodnogo khoziaistva,” published first in 1926 in "Balans narodnogo khoziaistva Soiuza SSR 1923-24 goda" [Balance of the...

This article provides a presentation about Chapter 1 of The Balance of the National Economy, 1923-24, edited by Pavel Illich Popov. The Balance was issued in June 1926 by the Central Statistical Administration (CSU or TsSU) of the USSR, which Popov had headed from July 1918 to January 1926. In...

Despite established recommended standard definitions, measures, and methods by the UN Washington Group on Disability Statistics and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) to assess dimensions of disability, national censuses vary widely in the questions used...

Representativeness is a foundational yet slippery concept. Though familiar at first blush, it lacks a single precise meaning. Instead, meanings range from typical or characteristic, to a proportionate match between sample and population, to a more general sense of accuracy, generalizability,...

Strategic planning in a corporate environment is often based on experience and intuition, although internal data is usually available and can be a valuable source of information. Predicting merger & acquisition (M&A) events is at the heart of strategic management, yet not sufficiently motivated...

We consider extreme value analysis in a semi-supervised setting, where we observe, next to the n data on the target variable, n +m data on one or more covariates. This is called the semi-supervised model with n labeled and m unlabeled data. By exploiting the tail dependence between the target...

The spatial granularity of poverty statistics can have a significant impact on the efficiency of targeting resources meant to improve the living conditions of the poor. However, achieving granularity typically requires increasing the sample sizes of surveys on household income and expenditure or...

This article shows that, under some common assumptions, the pointwise synthetic control estimator would be unbiased if the outcome variable follows an autoregressive process. However, if such autoregressive process is nonstationary, then the variance of the pointwise estimator would be sensitive...

This paper uses Wald's concept of the risk of a statistical decision function to address the question: How should sample data on treatment response be used to guide treatment choices in a heterogeneous population? Statistical treatment rules (STRs) are statistical decision functions that map...