Efficiency and productivity measurement in the insurance industry has attracted great interest from academicians, practitioners, financial market analysts, insurance regulators, and researchers; however, the near absence of empirical work on the productivity changes of the life insurance...

Recently worldwide Islamic finance has gained considerable attention. However, Islamic financial institutions face multiple risks to sustaining and growing further. Against this backdrop, the paper examines the impact of both liquidity and credit risk on the efficiency of Islamic banks (IBs)...

If banks' performance is to be be evaluated against the objectives they actually pursue, assessments of stakeholder-oriented banks should go beyond financial efficiency. Furthermore, also the environment these institutions operate in has to be kept in mind when interpreting levels of managerial...