Development depends on a nation's ability to produce sophisticated goods, making economic complexity crucial. Considered as an ecological sophistication of technological, social, and cultural factors, ecological structural change, the core of Green New Developmentalism, can address environmental...

Following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries faced short-term fertility declines in 2020–2021, a development which did not materialize in the majority of German-speaking and Nordic countries. However, more recent birth statistics show a steep fertility decline in 2022. We aim...