Electric vehicle (EV) use is increasing rapidly all over the world. This is especially true in China, which brings a dramatic rise in demand for power batteries. After the end of their service life, irregular disposal of spent power batteries would lead to great threaten to environment and human...

The dual utilization of urban rail infrastructures, especially metro network, for collaborative passenger-and-freight transport is gradually being recognized as a sustainable way to conquer many negative externalities caused by the urban freight activities. Based on system dynamic (SD) modeling...