The key goal of this research is to propose a method (and a tool) to explore the evolution of the energy sector in Kazakhstan subject to a flexible "user-defined" criterion (e.g. perception of risk of competitiveness loss for the system), so as to trigger the transition towards the emission...

This paper explores the challenge of defining the scope of a systems model, emphasising three aspects: boundary, granularity and conceptual scope. The significance of these is illustrated by reference to a model of land-use decisions made in villages bordering on the Mafungautsi forest in...