We study product market competition between firm owners (principals) where workers (agents) decide on their efforts and, hence, on output levels. Two worker compensation schemes are compared: a piece rate compensation as a benchmark when workers' output performance is verifiable, and a...

In actuarial practice, the main calculations for insurance covers in the health care area, personal accident and sickness insurance in particular, are commonly based on simplified methods, whose probabilistic assumptions are often not enough clear. In this paper, starting from a rather general...